A Long Days Journey Into Night essays

A Long Day's Journey Into Night articles A Long Day's Journey Into Night uncovers the idea of the story in the title itself. The entirety of the characters in the story are making a long excursion towards murkiness, their lives all were once cheerful and great, and have since gotten inauspicious and discouraging. Each character has in any event one explicit issue that torments them. James, the dad, was at one time a well known entertainer, yet his profession started to decrease, and cash turned into an issue. His youth has made him gotten to some degree parsimonious with cash, and he is reluctant to pay as much as possible for anything, even the prosperity of his family. Jamie, the senior of two siblings is into his thirties and still lives with the family. He has no activity and keeps on living off his folks. He has joined in and dropped out of numerous schools, and is by and large saw by all as to some degree a disappointment. Edmund is the more youthful sibling, and is held a for the most part better quality the Jamie, despite the fact that he despite everything lives at home too. Edmund is around ten years more youthful, and his mom specifically still keeps up some desire for him to fix his life around. Edmund has medical problems as indeed, he is determined to have utilization and is informed that he should go to a sanatorium for a year. Every one of the three of the men in the family have serious drinking issues too. Likely the most exceedingly terrible of the entirety of the family anyway is the mother, Mary. Mary has numerous psychological issues, and uses morphine continually to soothe her anguish. Following quite a while of utilizing she has become a fiend, and it has turned crazy, making her on occasion respond unreasonably to circumstances. As a character be that as it may, she is portrayed in two unique structures, one as she was written in the play, and the other in the film. While her character is delineated in a by and large comparable way, in general it appears her responses are taken to a greater amount of an outrageous in the film. As a character in the novel, she encounters steady emotional episodes, and will make statements uncovered ... <!

AniSci Lesson Plan 1 Essays - Learning, Behavior Modification

AniSci Lesson Plan 1 Essays - Learning, Behavior Modification Chloe Kern Last Creative Work Creature Science 04/28/19 For this innovative work, I have chosen to make three exercise arrangements. These plans are intended for a group of people of Kindergarten-Second graders with practically no experience or information about these subjects. As a youth training major, I immovably accept that kids ought to find out about creatures and the associations that they have in their life from an extremely youthful age. This is something that I want to fuse into my future study hall so understudies have a seeing, regardless of whether it starts as fundamental, of the world and all the creatures around them. This exercise plan will concentrate on three primary substance regions: creature items, sustenance, and conduct. They will be assembled such that will permit the instructor to isolate and develop each substance territory or to show these segments all at once. So as to make a more profound degree of comprehension for each segment, I feel that isolating every particular exercise might be the best method to conn ect with understudies. Each substance region will have its own inventive movement to improve understudy seeing, yet on the off chance that there are time requirements these destinations can be reached without the innovative action. The focal subject of these exercises centers around helping understudies to comprehend the similitudes and the associations that they need to creatures. Exercise Plan #1 Age: K-2 Subject: Animal Science Subject: Animal Products Eggs and Fiber Time + Pacing Focal Focus of Lesson: Toward the finish of the exercise, understudies should feel great perceiving that they doubtlessly use and see creature items in their day by day lives Section 2: Content Objectives SWBAT name in any event one creature item that they have seen/utilized in their day by day lives (meat, eggs, filaments) SWBAT name the 4 primary various pieces of an egg (shell, film, egg white, yolk) SWBAT name at any rate one kind of fiber and where it originates from Key Vocabulary Shell Film Egg White Yolk Fiber Fleece Cashmere Earlier Academic Learning and Prerequisite Skills: Understudies have next to no earlier information regarding this matter and these points Understudies ought to likewise have an earlier information on the most proficient method to utilize workmanship supplies Understudies ought to know about normal study hall methods Materials Needed Bit of Wool Bit of Cashmere White Easter Eggs Cling Wrap Little Yellow Pom Poms White Tissue Paper Board Projector Section 3: Lesson Introduction Accumulate the youngsters in a gathering and clarify that they will be finding out about the things they use or see that originates from creatures Inquire as to whether they have any instances of things that they have utilized or seen that originate from creatures At the point when recommendations are given, think of them on the board and examine with the gathering. In the event that wrong proposals are given, keep in touch with them on the board, examine, and right misinterpretations before deleting erroneous data. After they are out of proposals, clarify that today they will be concentrating on 2 sorts of items: eggs and fiber 5-10 min Presentation of New Information Start with examining Fibers: Does anybody recognize what filaments are? Offer time for a few understudies to response, and on the off chance that right answer isn't given, at that point tell understudies that filaments originate from the hair of creatures, and they can in some cases be utilized to make fabric. Pull out the two instances of fiber that are remembered for materials Fleece and Cashmere Let the understudy feel these two sorts of fiber How are these two unique? After some conversation of the distinction of the manner in which these two kinds of fiber feel, point out gatherings the projector These two kinds of material originate from two distinct creatures The Wool (it might be useful to hold up this piece so understudies can reference it): originates from sheep (venture an image of sheep). It is thicker than the other kind of fiber we are discussing today. On sheep, it is the sort of fiber under a layer of hair. There are various sorts of fleece that originate from various kinds of sheep. The Cashmere (it might be useful to hold up this piece so understudies can reference it): originates from goats (venture an image of goat), It is more slender/better than the other sort of fiber we are discussing today, and it develops under other hair like fleece. Next, start the conversation of Eggs: What number of you like to eat eggs? Give understudies time to lift hands Does anybody know where the eggs we typically eat

Efficient Market Theory and Behavioural Finance Essay -- Business, Glo

The conduct of business sectors and financial specialists, the dynamic in the commercial center and the elements of interest and flexibly in some random market can't be resolved with a hundred percent exactness. Anyway engineers in the past have structured different strategies and speculations that assist speculators with settling on a specific purchasing choice, or to settle on decisions consistently. These hypotheses and procedures help today’s speculators to peep into the future and make practically faultless forecasts with respect to the future conduct of the market and the progressing patterns. A layman night see the dynamic of a financial specialist as being exclusively founded on hypothesis however actually every move that a speculator makes today in the commercial center is supported up by sound count and hypotheses. Two of the most discussed and basic speculations or ideas that are identified with the market elements and that will be talked about finally in this task are Efficient Market Theory and Behavioral Finance. Effective Market Theory recommends that in each money related market the progression of data is productive and this is reflected in the cost of the offer at which it is being exchanged. As we realize that the cost of the offer drifting in a market isn't just needy upon the organization name printed and the data about the organization to be decided sheet and other budget reports accessible to the general population (Baghestani, H., 2009). Actually government and political dependability, swelling, loan fees, treasury bills and a few additional components decide the cost at which a specific offer is sold or purchased at. Data pretty much every one of these elements is constantly accessible to each financial specialist in the market, be it the purchaser or the vender. Additionally this data is accessible in an effi... ...ormation with respect to the elements of the market and on the off chance that this remains constant, at that point a budgetary market can never crumple. Anyway in certifiable we face occasion like that of the 2007 worldwide money related emergency that decelerated the worldwide monetary advancement a lot and once prosperous economies like the US wound up winding up in a condition of frenzy where the destitution transcended all the past levels and joblessness climbed to painful levels. Besides, the loan fees in the United States tumbled to a terrifying 1% during this emergency prompting falling reserve funds in its economy. Consequently we can infer that Efficient Market Theory presents a powerless contention to characterize commercial center elements. Notwithstanding if a blend of Efficient Market Theory and Behavioral Finance is used to foresee commercial center elements then this would be characterized as a proficient and powerful methodology.

A Few Memorable Persuasive Problem Solution Essay Topics

A Few Memorable Persuasive Problem Solution Essay TopicsIf you're serious about getting your degree from a prestigious college or university, you'll probably find the following ideas on persuasive problem solution essay topics very useful. If you don't have the money to pay for tutoring or consulting with a professional instructor, you can find a lot of help by looking at a good course outline. Even if you've already studied what you need to know on your own, you can always revise your assignment in your own time, making sure that it's always the most informative and accurate answer you can provide.One of the most common persuasive problem solution essay topics is based on probability and statistics. It doesn't matter whether you're going for a real-life question or simply presenting information that might be questioned, there are many different types of problem solutions to choose from. For example, you could choose a statistical problem solution based on a certain aspect of the bod y, or even present information about some random factor like frequency.Another type of problem solutions could be the problem solving involved in statistics. For example, you could be asked to use statistics to solve a law related to the recording of statistics or data. Or perhaps you need to deal with a certain type of information so many different statistical methods cannot be used in order to come up with the best answer. In that case, one idea would be to apply statistical analysis and create a presentation.Another type of persuasive problem solution essay topics could be based on business or production issues. Of course, there are a variety of ways you could go about this, so take your time to think about how you would present your results and provide a fair representation of the quality of your work. Don't forget that you can actually show examples of both the good and bad aspects of your job, and when presented properly, these answers will probably inspire confidence will lea d to more work.Somepersuasive problem solution essay topics might center on social issues or group or team issues. It's possible to get several different responses in a specific class based on your personality and how you act in various situations. You may end up presenting some events and people that are deeply connected to your life, and you may want to come up with an answer to a problem related to how to act in these situations. Consider including one or two references to your life experiences as well as maybe taking some time to reflect on what exactly these events and people mean to you.Some more persuasive problem solution essay topics might be centered on science and technology. For example, you might present some of the problems that arise from using something or having technology that may be incompatible with the environment you live in. You could also consider issues like how your personal reaction to pollution is affected by the time and money you spend in getting things done.To help you out, you can find a number of articles and books on persuasive problem solution essay topics. Even if you can't afford to pay for professional tutoring, you can always take advantage of online resources and online courses. Online materials have all the information you need to get the job done effectively, and since it's so easy to access, you can pretty much get started whenever you need to.

God of Fire and Metallurgy in Ancient Mythologies Free Essay Example, 2000 words

As in the case of the Greek stories, in Norse mythology also there has been some changes occurred as it is passing down through many generations. Poetic Edda and Prose Edda are the two main sources of Morse Mythology. It was Snorri Sturluson from Iceland who wrote Prose Edda around the year 1200 (Norse Mythology). The Poetic Edda is a collection of authorless Old Norse poems. The book entitled, Norse Mythology writes, Loki, a trickster, and troublemaker, was both a giant and a god in Norse mythology (Norse mythology 16). He is the god of the Jotun Race and is considered as the evil god of fire God in Norse Mythology. This Loki was once bound and shut up in a dark cave when he caused many problems to the gods. The website entitled; Norse Gods and Immortals remarks the character of Loki as, The sly, trickster god. Son of two giants. Also known as the Sly One, the Trickster, the Shape Changer and the Sky Traveler. Becomes increasingly eviler. He is responsible for the death of Balder . Bound until Ragnarok. The presentation of Loki in Norse mythology is very interesting that one can find various beliefs existing with Loki, the mischief maker. The Norse mythology presents Loki as the father of lies and deceit, and shapeshifter (Daly Rengel 63). We will write a custom essay sample on God of Fire and Metallurgy in Ancient Mythologies or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Loki had two wives Angrboda and Sign. Loki had three children in Angrboda and two in Signyn (Norse mythology 16). As Loki belonged to the Jotun race, he is often viewed as an enemy of gods. Some believe that he is the blood brother of the great god Odin, which is why the gods never harm him though he causes for many mischiefs and certain other problems.

What Intervention Activities Would Be The Most Help For...

Specific Intervention Activities: When assessing what intervention activities would be the most help in addressing Haiti’s health problem many underlying factors were considered. For a full list refer to Table 1 included in the Appendix. However, the critical factors targeted in this intervention come down to four focus areas. These priorities are: 1) provision of safe water and sanitation infrastructure, 2) carry out health education among community members, 3) fill critical healthcare gap, and 4) improve and increase epidemiological surveillance In a blog post written by Sokari Ekine, the Nigerian social justice activist explains that cholera is an illness â€Å"exacerbated by heavy rains; poor sanitation; and limited clean water and associated poor hygiene† (Ekine, 2013). These components factor largely into the chosen intervention activities. Haiti is an island that experiences significant flooding due to its location in the hurricane belt; this flooding makes acces s to safe water a major issue in a nation with flimsy infrastructure (World Health Organization, 2011). This program plans to restore and improve water and sanitation facilities for they are the main mode of transmission for the cholera bacterium. The corresponding poor hygiene that stems from lack of safe water and sanitation will be addressed in the health education provided for community members. Concentrating on the healthcare gap is meant to be a preventative measure for future need. By ensuring thatShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Doll Story Plot Essay Example For Students

Doll Story Plot Essay This short story, The Doll is about poor out of work okies back inthe early 1930s looking for any type of job they can find, so they can get paidor something to eat. Mrs. Hollis and the two okies are the main characters inthe story. The story tells about these okies asking for work from a well offwoman, Mrs. Hollis, and how she treats them. In spite of her will to help them,she eventually sends them away after meager payment and food. The story startsoff as two ragged boys walk up Mrs. Hollis lawn coming from the camp, wherepoor out of work families live. They were two okies looking for ajob to get some food. Mrs. Hollis is disgusted at all of the dirt and raggedclothes theyre wearing. Mrs. Hollis gives the okies some work to do in exchangefor some food. One of the boys points to the other and tells Mrs. Hollis that heis his uncle. He was a short man in his 40s. His hands reminded Mrs. Hollis ofan old wedding doll she used to have years ago. She was still disgusted at hisragged image . As she fixed some sandwiches and coffee for them, she gave themone of her chocolate cherries in a red shiny wrapper. They have only had one ofthose once in their whole lifetime and were very excited. While Mrs. Hollis wastaking her afternoon nap, she was awoken by a knock on the door. She went andlooked, and sure enough it was the two okies again asking if theycould go piss in her bathroom. She got mad and told them to finish their workand leave, then slammed the door. She came out later to tell them thats enoughfor the day because its getting hotter. They didnt get their work done, butshe still gave them a dollar. One of them grinned while snatching the dollarfrom her hand. She asked why he was grinning like that. He pointed to his uncleand he was pissing in his pants. Mrs Hollis saw a puddle forming onher patio and in disgust she ran to her bathroom and threw up everywhere. Myimpression of this story is it is referring to right after the Great Depression. I can picture back around 1930 these two okies walking up to her door and askingher for a job. I would be a little disgusted from all the dirt and the raggedsmelly clothes on them, but I would mainly feel sorry for the two. I would paythem to do some chores for me. I would supply them with food while they werethere, and pay them when they were done. I wouldnt let them use my bathroomthough. I wouldnt want them to enter my house at all, because they are completestrangers. I would just simply point to a tree away from the house. When Mrs. Hollis gave them the chocolate cherry in a red wrapper, I think it resembles allof the things poor people couldnt get. I think Mrs. Hollis gave them a dollarbecause she felt sorry for them. She sent them home without finishing the jobbecause she wanted them to leave before her Bridge Club came over so shewouldnt be embarrassed by their presence.

Jetblue Ipo Essay Example

Jetblue Ipo Paper JetBlue Airlines, a low-fare commercial airline, has planned to go public towards the end of 2001. During the process the firm had restructured their initial price from $22- 24 per share to $26 – 28 per share. Advantages / Disadvantages of the IPO Decision There are considerable advantages with obtaining equity through the IPO process. There are, however, some drawbacks that also need to be taken into consideration. Some of the advantages and disadvantages are: Advantages| Disadvantages| Equity value is established for the firm * Current shareholders can diversify personal portfolios| * SEC requires public disclosure of financial information (transparency) * IPO expenses| * Liquidity of stock increases| * Owner restricted to immediate cash-out| * Easier to raise capital in the future| * Sharing of future earnings with outsiders| | * Legal liability| Exhibit A in the appendix outlines some additional key advantages and disadvantages of going public through the IPO process. IPO Valuation Techniques Deriving a value for an IPO is the critical part of the process. In both fixed price and book building offers some form of initial price must be determined by the investment bank. Key methods are used to determine the value of a company and thus the initial IPO price includes: * Discounting Methods: based on a firms intrinsic value (future cash flows) * Comparable Multiples Method: value based on similar publicly traded companies Using information from the case we perceived the IPO pricing of $24-26 was determined by using the comparable multiples approach. Therefore, we will use the discounted cash flows method to determine an introductory price and evaluate whether it is in-line with the current proposed price. Exhibit B provides a description of each method. Discounted Cash Flow Recommendation It is our recommendation for the firm to set the price range for the IPO at the adjusted rate of $26 to 28. Although more value is achievable through a higher price, the lower range will meet the needs of the firm, maintain interest in the share, and possibly give large returns to the investors right away. Advantages and Disadvantages of Going Public through the IPO Process Advantages The partners can obtain a true value of the shares they possess in the company * Partners can remove their signatures from the lines of credit and thus, are no longer personally liable to the creditors * The overall financial condition of a company is improved as it brings in non-refundable money * A broader capital base gives the company more access to credit whi ch gives the company an option to venture into new business opportunities * Capital raised in an IPO can be used to pay off debt and thus reduce the interest costs and enhance the company’s debt to equity ratio * The value of the stock may see an upward trend thus increasing the initial investor’s financial wealth * When a company goes public, it attracts the attention of the media and financial community thus providing free publicity and helps in creating a better corporate image * By going public and listing on a stock exchange it can directly foster public reputation in general Disadvantages The market is extremely unpredictable and an unsuccessful IPO can result in a great loss of time as well as money for the company * The ownership of the partners is dissolved and they become mere employees who are responsible to the shareholders and Board of Directors * Continuous dealing with shareholders and the press is a time-consuming process * Shareholders judge the perfor mance of the company on the basis of the profits and stock price and may cause managers to overlook the long-term strategic objectives * The company needs to make nation-wide presentations about its performance to the interested shareholders, brokers and the investment bankers * The company’s continued success may bring a lot of close scrutiny by the public * Large amounts of fees and expenses are associated with a public company on a continual basis commissions, advertising costs, securities exchange fees etc. Exhibit B: IPO Valuation Techniques Discounting Methods Theoretically, the price of a share is derived by discounting all future cash flows that accrue to shareholders. These techniques are used throughout industry; however, they do suffer in practical application due to the risk associated with forecasting both revenue and expenses (Draho, 2004). The two most frequently used discounting methods include the discounted free cash flows (DCF) and a residual income model (RIM). * Discounted Free Cash Flows Free cash flows are defined as the cash flows from operations after investment in working capital and any capital expenditures. We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These cash flows are considered more appropriate than accounting earnings which include non cash items such as depreciation that cannot be used to pay shareholders. Cash flows are used to pay dividends and thus capture true value for the investor. These cash flows are then discounted using a risk adjusted rate. The rate is estimated either by using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) for a 100% equity company or by calculating the weighted average cost of capital of the firm’s debt and equity (Geddes, 2003). * Residual Income Model The DCF model requires accounting earnings to be converted to cash flows. This is considered inappropriate as accounting values do not take into consideration the time value of money and may be subject to manipulation by way of accounting methods. The RIM is similar to the DCF method in that both methods use a risk adjusted discount rate. The RIM model, however, utilizes the difference between the realized earnings and the expected earnings, where the expected earnings is the cost of equity multiplied by the start of period equity book value (Draho, 2004). Comparable Multiples This is the most common method used by investment banks to value IPO’s. Its fundamental approach is the comparison of ratios of companies that operate in similar businesses that possess the same characteristics of risk, current and future profitability and growth prospects. There are number of ratios that can be used under this method, the most common being: * Price/Earnings multiples * Price/EBIT Market value/Book value * Price/sales The successful application of this method lies in choosing an appropriate comparison company. One method used by practitioners is to select up to 10 company’s operating within the same industry and to use the group’s median multiple to value the issuer. The second and most common method is to select 3-4 companies that are direct competitors within the particular industry to the issuer. The third method is to use multiples of firms that have recently gone public assuming all issuers share common valuation multiples. The comparable multiples method is a popular method to value an IPO due to its simplicity and accuracy. With the use of multiples there is no need to estimate the cost of capital, neither is there a need to depend on forecasted earnings and assumptions of valuation models. The use of multiples is supported by the assumption that relevant ratios capture the markets estimate of risk and growth. References Bruner, R. F. , Eades, K. M. , Schill, M. J. (2010). Case Studies in Finance: Managing for Corporate Value Creation. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies. Damodaran, Aswath. Damodaran Online: Home Page for Aswath Damodaran. Welcome to Pages at the Stern School of Business, New York University. Web. 1 July 2010. http://pages. stern. nyu. edu/~adamodar/. Draho, J. (2004). â€Å"The IPO Decision: Why and How Companies Go Public†. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. Jetblue Ipo Essay Example Jetblue Ipo Paper JetBlue Airlines, a low-fare commercial airline, has planned to go public towards the end of 2001. During the process the firm had restructured their initial price from $22- 24 per share to $26 – 28 per share. Advantages / Disadvantages of the IPO Decision There are considerable advantages with obtaining equity through the IPO process. There are, however, some drawbacks that also need to be taken into consideration. Some of the advantages and disadvantages are: Advantages| Disadvantages| Equity value is established for the firm * Current shareholders can diversify personal portfolios| * SEC requires public disclosure of financial information (transparency) * IPO expenses| * Liquidity of stock increases| * Owner restricted to immediate cash-out| * Easier to raise capital in the future| * Sharing of future earnings with outsiders| | * Legal liability| Exhibit A in the appendix outlines some additional key advantages and disadvantages of going public through the IPO process. IPO Valuation Techniques Deriving a value for an IPO is the critical part of the process. In both fixed price and book building offers some form of initial price must be determined by the investment bank. Key methods are used to determine the value of a company and thus the initial IPO price includes: * Discounting Methods: based on a firms intrinsic value (future cash flows) * Comparable Multiples Method: value based on similar publicly traded companies Using information from the case we perceived the IPO pricing of $24-26 was determined by using the comparable multiples approach. Therefore, we will use the discounted cash flows method to determine an introductory price and evaluate whether it is in-line with the current proposed price. Exhibit B provides a description of each method. Discounted Cash Flow Recommendation It is our recommendation for the firm to set the price range for the IPO at the adjusted rate of $26 to 28. Although more value is achievable through a higher price, the lower range will meet the needs of the firm, maintain interest in the share, and possibly give large returns to the investors right away. Advantages and Disadvantages of Going Public through the IPO Process Advantages The partners can obtain a true value of the shares they possess in the company * Partners can remove their signatures from the lines of credit and thus, are no longer personally liable to the creditors * The overall financial condition of a company is improved as it brings in non-refundable money * A broader capital base gives the company more access to credit whi ch gives the company an option to venture into new business opportunities * Capital raised in an IPO can be used to pay off debt and thus reduce the interest costs and enhance the company’s debt to equity ratio * The value of the stock may see an upward trend thus increasing the initial investor’s financial wealth * When a company goes public, it attracts the attention of the media and financial community thus providing free publicity and helps in creating a better corporate image * By going public and listing on a stock exchange it can directly foster public reputation in general Disadvantages The market is extremely unpredictable and an unsuccessful IPO can result in a great loss of time as well as money for the company * The ownership of the partners is dissolved and they become mere employees who are responsible to the shareholders and Board of Directors * Continuous dealing with shareholders and the press is a time-consuming process * Shareholders judge the perfor mance of the company on the basis of the profits and stock price and may cause managers to overlook the long-term strategic objectives * The company needs to make nation-wide presentations about its performance to the interested shareholders, brokers and the investment bankers * The company’s continued success may bring a lot of close scrutiny by the public * Large amounts of fees and expenses are associated with a public company on a continual basis commissions, advertising costs, securities exchange fees etc. Exhibit B: IPO Valuation Techniques Discounting Methods Theoretically, the price of a share is derived by discounting all future cash flows that accrue to shareholders. These techniques are used throughout industry; however, they do suffer in practical application due to the risk associated with forecasting both revenue and expenses (Draho, 2004). The two most frequently used discounting methods include the discounted free cash flows (DCF) and a residual income model (RIM). * Discounted Free Cash Flows Free cash flows are defined as the cash flows from operations after investment in working capital and any capital expenditures. We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jetblue Ipo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These cash flows are considered more appropriate than accounting earnings which include non cash items such as depreciation that cannot be used to pay shareholders. Cash flows are used to pay dividends and thus capture true value for the investor. These cash flows are then discounted using a risk adjusted rate. The rate is estimated either by using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) for a 100% equity company or by calculating the weighted average cost of capital of the firm’s debt and equity (Geddes, 2003). * Residual Income Model The DCF model requires accounting earnings to be converted to cash flows. This is considered inappropriate as accounting values do not take into consideration the time value of money and may be subject to manipulation by way of accounting methods. The RIM is similar to the DCF method in that both methods use a risk adjusted discount rate. The RIM model, however, utilizes the difference between the realized earnings and the expected earnings, where the expected earnings is the cost of equity multiplied by the start of period equity book value (Draho, 2004). Comparable Multiples This is the most common method used by investment banks to value IPO’s. Its fundamental approach is the comparison of ratios of companies that operate in similar businesses that possess the same characteristics of risk, current and future profitability and growth prospects. There are number of ratios that can be used under this method, the most common being: * Price/Earnings multiples * Price/EBIT Market value/Book value * Price/sales The successful application of this method lies in choosing an appropriate comparison company. One method used by practitioners is to select up to 10 company’s operating within the same industry and to use the group’s median multiple to value the issuer. The second and most common method is to select 3-4 companies that are direct competitors within the particular industry to the issuer. The third method is to use multiples of firms that have recently gone public assuming all issuers share common valuation multiples. The comparable multiples method is a popular method to value an IPO due to its simplicity and accuracy. With the use of multiples there is no need to estimate the cost of capital, neither is there a need to depend on forecasted earnings and assumptions of valuation models. The use of multiples is supported by the assumption that relevant ratios capture the markets estimate of risk and growth. References Bruner, R. F. , Eades, K. M. , Schill, M. J. (2010). Case Studies in Finance: Managing for Corporate Value Creation. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies. Damodaran, Aswath. Damodaran Online: Home Page for Aswath Damodaran. Welcome to Pages at the Stern School of Business, New York University. Web. 1 July 2010. http://pages. stern. nyu. edu/~adamodar/. Draho, J. (2004). â€Å"The IPO Decision: Why and How Companies Go Public†. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.

imperialism and race relations essays

imperialism and race relations essays A small Indian man by the name of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, or, more commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, played the dominant role in securing the downfall of British rule in India. Not only did he play a pivotal role in creating an Independent India but he tried to do did it without guns or physical violence. Gandhis fight against racism and British rule in India began in South Africa when he was thrown off a train for being an Indian in a first class carriage. On returning to India he continued his goal of an independent India through policies of non-cooperation, non-violence and Satyagraha (Sanskrit for truth and firmness). Gandhi, the major leader for the movement for an Independent India was born in India. In 1988 he then went to the University College in London where he gained a degree in law and was admitted to the British bar. Gandhi, attempting to set up a law firm in Bombay had very little success. Two years later he was offered a job from a South African firm in Durban and on route to this new job he suffered major mistreatment, on the train, through injustice and racism. This sparked Gandhis fight for the rights and liberties of the Indian people. Gandhi stayed in South Africa for over twenty years, during which he gained much experience in battling colonial governments. The first being the Indian Franchise Bill passed in 1984. This meant that Indians had the right to vote withdrawn. Gandhi fought the Natal Government and managed to have little success. Although the act was changed, it was just the wording and it still did as it did before. During the Boer War Gandhi established an Ambulance Corp in support of the British after which he continued his campaign. In 1906 the Black Ordinance was introduced which meant that all Indians had to have in possession a certificate that could be demanded when ever. Gandhi opposed this with his policies of non-cooperation and satyagraha. Before Gandhi was ...

Assessing reliability and credibility of CAM resources Essay

Assessing reliability and credibility of CAM resources - Essay Example With this context, the paper explains the applicability of acupuncture, as a CAM therapy in medical science. The paper duly assesses the reliability and credibility of this practice thereto. Additionally, the paper analyses the credibility of the sources that provide detailed information about the disease online. Acupuncture is one of the oldest forms of treatment under the Chinese traditional medicine practices. The process of medication trails pricking of needles at specific positions of the body, which effectively alters flow of energy into healthier arrays controlling and refreshing the neuron system in a human body. Acupuncture is often argued as effective in curing approximately 40 different types of diseases. Based on these grounds, acupuncture has been recognized as one of the widely effective CAM therapies. The procedure of acupuncture includes the stimulation of therapeutic methods that helps in developing manual therapeutic systems. The process involves stimulation of the body through various processes to relieve the patients from a series of diseases (Tait et al., 2002). It is in this context that the CAM practitioners are compared with the conventional medical doctors. For practicing CAM through acupuncture, practitioner recognition depends on proper accreditation from the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM). Medical doctors who have a valid medical license can avail a certification from the American Academy of Medical Acupuncture. The person availing for a certification of acupuncture completes the necessary curriculum requirements and a tutorial requirement for the apprentice (NCCAOM, 2014). The American Academy of Medical Acupuncture (AAMA) and the NCCAOM are the regulatory bodies that have been verifying the operations of practitioners when practicing acupuncture

International Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Entrepreneurship - Essay Example Behavioral pattern of the suppliers and the clients and concentration in the supply makes entrepreneurs more competitive in the global market. In the market where the customers are diverse, a different approach to the market may be of great benefit to entrepreneur in a new market (Keillor 2011). The trends of innovating products and services in a particular environment have been used by multinational companies in their new products. Taking for instance the travel business in the United States, the business involves serving both the natives and the international visitors. Globalization and liberalization of economies have allowed companies to invent new ideas suitable for the developing markets. Globalization has pressurized companies to continue innovating new ideas of conducting businesses. Though much innovation has been witnessed in the global market, entrepreneurs have found it harder to penetrate the market to ever changing business environment and competition (Griffin 2005). There is more opportunity for growth due to innovation and completion in the global market. Entrepreneurs in the global markets seem to prefer working centrally and doing business from a central position. However Companies benefit international market therefore centralization of business no longer applies in the global markets (Keillor 2011). The trend of business innovation is moving towards decentralization of markets. Entrepreneurs are considering a more involving business venture where the customers, suppliers and other stakeholders are closely involved in the product and services development. Such approach proves more beneficial in the globalised market just like the trend in expansion of markets. The global market has been a major target for entrepreneurs however more innovation is required to maintain the local market. The idea used in the global market is also applicable in the local market (Keillor 2011). Though the product innovation is crucial in entrepreneurship, the process innovation plays a central role. It is important in adapting to various business environments such as fixing of costs. Process innovation can be used by the businesses which are planning to have decentralized management. Basically each market will be managed according to the requirements and the policies guarding the market. 2. Internation al Trade Barriers Doing business in the international market faces challenges such as quotas, tariffs and non tariffs. Non traffic barriers are usually imposed by governments basically to restrict the quality imports. Such barriers restrict availability of products thus complicating the prices in the market. The result is high prices. A traffic barrier such as taxes, custom duties decreases the volumes of imports thus increasing the prices of products, thus the local market is favored.

Hockey Sport Essay Example for Free

Hockey Sport Essay Hockey is a fast, exciting sport played by two teams on a sheet of ice called a rink. Each team has six players on the ice, one goalie, two defensemen, two wingers, and one center man. The players skate up and down the ice shooting or passing a hard rubber disk called a puck with sticks. They score points by hitting the puck into the net. Hockey is much faster and swifter than any other sport. As the players streak across the ice, their powerful shots and passes can send the puck faster than 100 miles [160 kilometers] per hour. A goalkeeper on each team defends his net from the puck going in. They must often make quick slides across the on their skates, stomachs, knees or backs to stop the puck from going into the net. A puck that crosses the goal line is a called a goal and scores a point for the other team. The side that scores the most goals wins the game. To keep the action fast, hockey has an unusual rule. It is the only major sport that allows players to change or substitute during play. The game is rough and includes lots of hitting and some fights, although fighting is against the rules. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Romans, and Arabs, perhaps among the earliest of stick-and-ball games, played forms of hockey. A sport similar to hockey, called Hurling, is known to have been played during the 1st millennium in Ireland, and other Europeans in the Middle Ages adopted similar sports. The historians don’t know for certain where the name Hockey came from. But most of them thought the name hockey have been adapted by the English from the French word hoquet (shepherds crook). How ever was the name first given to the sport in the 18th century, but was not in common usage until the 19th century. Hockey then started in Canada in the mid-1800s. By the 1900s it had become Canadas national sport. Since then, hockey has become popular in many other countries including Russia, Sweden and the United States. Hockey is grouped in many different divisions including minor hockey, which is grouped into age categories, SJHL, WHL, OHL and IHL, which involve the smaller cities in province or state, and NHL, which involve the bigger, better known cities in Canada and the United States. Each period begins with a face-off at the center face-off spot. A face-off also starts play again after it has been stopped for any reason. During play, the puck must normally be kept moving. If it is hit over the boards, held by the goalie, out of the referees sight, frozen between opposing players, or is otherwise temporarily out of play, an official blows a whistle for a face-off. A player may move the puck along the ice, pass it to a teammate, or shoot it at the goal, but rules limit these plays in certain ways. One extremely important rule states that no player of the attacking team may be in the attacking zone ahead of the puck. One player must carry or shoot the puck across the attacking blue line before any other player on the team crosses the blue line. For violations of this rule, an official signals the offending team offside and conducts a face-off in the neutral zone. A player may pass to a teammate anywhere in the same zone. The player may also pass from the defending zone to a teammate in their teams half of the neutral zone. If the pass is received past the centerline an official signals the pass offside and conducts a face-off where the play began. Hockey requires a variety of skills. They include checking, skating, passing, stick handling and shooting. Checking is the way a player takes the puck away from the opponent. There are two main types of checks: stick checks and body checks. For a stick check the player uses his stick to hook or poke the puck away from the opponent. In a body check the player bumps against the opponent with a hip or a shoulder to try any block the opponents progress or throw the opponent off balance. Both stick checking and body checking are allowed only against a player in control of the puck or the last player to control it. Skating is the most important hockey skill. Players must be able to turn sharply, skate backwards and perform many other maneuvers while skating at top speed. They must be able to do this with their head up and while stick handling the puck. Passing occurs when a player who has the puck passes it to another player. In most cases the players use their sticks to propel the puck toward the receiver. These passes are either flat passes or flip passes. To make a flat pass the player sends the puck traveling along the surface of the ice. To make a flip pass the player causes it to rise off the ice to avoid interception by an opponent. Sometimes the passer simply leaves the puck behind, so that a teammate can get it, this is called a drop pass. Stick handling is the use of the stick to control the puck. The player first moves the puck with one side of the blade and then with the other side while skating. The player makes some sweeps of the stick some wide and some narrow. In this way the player keeps the opponent guessing as to the next move and also makes it difficult to steal the puck. Shooting is the skill needed to drive the puck into the net and score goals. Most shots are either wrist shots or slap shots. In a wrist shot the blade does not leave the ice. The player uses strong wrist action to propel the puck. For a slap shot the player raises the stick for a back swing and brings it down against the puck with great force. Slap shots are more powerful but less accurate than wrist shots. Offside plays and icing account for most violations of the rules. For these violations, the offending team risks losing control of the puck in the resulting face-off. For more serious violations, players receive penalties ranging from two minutes in the penalty box to removal from the game, but each team must always have at least four players on the ice. If a third player is penalized while two teammates are in the penalty box, a substitute may replace the player on the ice. A teammate may serve the goaltenders penalty. Hockey has five main kinds of penalties: minor penalties, major penalties, misconduct penalties, match penalties and penalty shots. Minor penalties are given for violations like holding, tripping or hooking resulting in two minutes in the penalty box. The team must play short-handed until the time is up or the other team scores. But if the same minor penalty is awarded against players on both teams they sit for the full to minutes and two different players may replace them on the ice. Major penalties are given mainly for fighting or cutting or drawing blood with a stick, they result in five minutes in the penalty box. The penalized team must play short-handed for the full five minutes, but if a player on each team receives a major penalty at the same time, substitutes may replace both players on the ice. Misconduct penalties are given mainly toward the improper treatment towards an official, which results in ten minutes in the penalty box, but a substitute may replace the penalized player. A game misconduct penalty is given mainly for more serious offences against officials. Match penalties are given for deliberately injuring or attempting to injure an opponent. The offending player is removed for the rest of the game and usually given extra penalty minutes depending on the severity of the incident, which a player on that team has to serve. Penalty shots are free shots at the opposing goal defended by only the goalie. They are awarded against the defending team when an attacking player throws his stick or is pulled down from behind and is so prevented from taking the shot. Those are the rules and regulations of the fun and exciting game of hockey.

Nutrition and Food Intake Essay -- Health Nutrition Pyramid Diet

Nutrition and Food Intake   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since we have been learning about nutrition in class, our task was to record a food log. Nutrition requires a well-balanced diet containing nutrient and vitamins like amino acids and fatty acids. Over the past seven days I have been recording and have been looking very carefully at my intake of nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and fats. In our task, the objective was to record the basic foods we ate during the period of seven, but it did not require recording every single detail or our intake of food. Doing this food log was a pain and it was disturbing because I never wrote about what I ate like breakfast, lunch, dinner, or additional meals. I found this food log useful because it helped me learn what I can change in my intake of foods to make my diet healthy and to see what about my diet is affecting me from being healthy because I could affect me in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of recording this food log was to see what in my diet healthy or unhealthy. The purpose of this food log was also to view our eating habits because the basic average man eats many saturated fats, sugars, and red meat and this usually explains why some of them are usually obese and have diabetes. Diabetes is a problem when you eat too many foods with sugar or you eat too many sweets. In our task we were supposed to compare our eating habits to the new food pyramid. The new food pyramid describes what is healthy and the average amount of servings that should be taken daily.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The food pyramids are basically an outline of what you should eat during the day that is healthy. Knowing what you eat is important because nutrition requires a well-balanced diet containing nutrients and vitamins and if you don?t eat healthy then you can acquire diseases and dietary disorders. The new food pyramid tells you that you should include whole grains and plant oils in most meals because if you include plant oils and whole grains in most meals it reduces the rate of heart diseases & whole grains contain Vitamin B and Vitamin B is essential for growth, the functioning of the stomach and intestines, and they are also essential for the nervous system. Vegetables should be eaten abundantly because vegetables contain the mineral magnesium which relaxes your nerves and muscles, builds and strengthens bones, and keeps you blood circulating at a constant pace. You s... ... school lunch & the lunch comes with milk. Milk is good because it consist of calcium which helps for the functioning of the heart, muscles, and nerves. I have noticed that I don?t eat vegetables a lot but I know I need to. I can improve my intake of foods by beginning to eat vegetables because if I don?t the body will take the magnesium that vegetables contain out of my bones for the bloodstream which gives me weakened bones. If I don?t get enough magnesium then my tissues will be affected in my heart and kidneys. Some symptoms are that you get tremors or spasms, when your heart rate increases, when you muscle softens and weakens, or when you have headaches. You usually get these if you drink too much alcohol, have diabetes, have kidney disease, or use drugs. In the end I was able to realize the mistakes I am making in my eating habits and diet because it could be affecting my health and this is not good for a well-balanced diet. In the end, I was able to see what how I can impr ove in my health because increasing my intake of specific foods. Basically, since I exercised a lot I was not sure of how many calories I was consuming or how many calories I was burning due to exercise.

Electric Vehicles Technology Analysis Essay

Hybrid electric vehicles are one of the applications of hybrid technology in real modern life; in which it’s currently a high demand technology and is growing rapidly. Although hybrid vehicles weren’t the latest type of transportation technology to be discovered, since they appeared earlier than gasoline vehicles, because of the cost of research and technology they disappeared a prosperous century of gasoline vehicles began. Nowadays, when the world needs green transportation because of high fossil costs and political reasons, hybrid vehicles returned and development into that type of technology is kicking back to full speed. Hybrid vehicles are the combination between electric engines and gasoline engines. Therefore, they inherit all the characteristics of traditional vehicle and add new functions of electric motor to help the vehicles save energy as well as reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many vehicle manufacturers such as BMW, GMC, and Toyota are applying hybrid technology in producing their cars. One of the main reasons that hybrid vehicle are not as popular as regular gas powered vehicles is their prices. Most consumers don’t want to pay the extra $5,000- to $8,000 price tag to buy a vehicle that they don’t see the instant benefits of. Nevertheless hybrid vehicles will bring the benefits to their users and the environment, but not immediately when they buy the Hybrid vehicle. While in use, Hybrid vehicles will reduce the fuel consumption by an average of 42% which in return would be also good for the environment as it reduces greenhouse gas emissions by about 42% than the usual amount. However, in addition to what Hybrid vehicle offers the public in money savings by consuming less fuel and supporting a greener environment, it also made it possible for the public to accept alternative power sources for their vehicles. Also, hybrid technology has helped expand the research into battery power, battery life and battery size which helped in emerging of newer technology of fully electrical cars that doesn’t use any gas, for example: The Nissan Leaf. In the meanwhile, currently the available fully electrical vehicles (Nissan Leaf) on the market have advantages of totally being gas independent, and faster acceleration than some of the hybrid cars (I personally test drove the Nissan Leaf both on city streets and on the highway and I think it accelerated a lot better than my 2010 Toyota Prius hybrid. ). In my opinion the technology still not fully developed to be the most reliable form of transportation for an individual or a house hold use, since you can’t drive more than 100 miles per full charge as advertised; which I am sure it’s a little bit less based on consumers review (around 75-85 miles per full charge. ) In the near future I can imagine that fully electrical cars be more reliable and go in between 700 to1000 miles per full charge, of course it will take its course of development just like any other new technology that starts small and gets bigger by time. I imagine in the next couple years electrical cars will be able to go anywhere in between 100 to 200 miles per charge, then in the following few years from 200 to 300 miles per full charge, etc†¦ Furthermore, in my opinion I think that gas engines are a thing of the past and I can see in the future Hybrid engines and electrical engines replacing everything that we are using today, from gas powered vehicles to airplanes, from motorcycles to scooters and lawnmower to children toys. In conclusion, the human race is using new technologies to try to fix the harm they caused the environment by creating products that don’t contribute to the pollution of our environment and many consumers hope that hybrid and electrical motors technology would help reduce the pollution and contribute to help save our environment.

Autobiography Of Benjamin Franklin - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2401 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Benjamin Franklin Essay Did you like this example? Part 1 In this part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin describes his early life and how he began to grow and become more successful in America. He dedicates the book to his son, so that his son can learn from mistakes that he made in the past. He says that he would not redo or change his life besides some minor things and moments. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Autobiography Of Benjamin Franklin" essay for you Create order He shows throughout this part that he embodies the promise of America. He tells through his life story how dedication, hard work, and creativity can lead to being successful in America. He started off poor and was close with his family. His parents were good role models for him. As he got older, he apprenticed as a printer under his brother for a while and lived with him. During this time, he further developed his already prominent love for reading, writing, and poetry. He taught himself how to improve his writing and other skills by reading books. After growing unhappy with his apprenticeship and relationship with his older brother, he decided to leave Boston, where he grew up, and go to New York. Once in New York, he met with a printer to try to find work. The printer could not offer Benjamin any work, but told Benjamin to go to Philadelphia and find work with his son. So he went to Philadelphia, but the trip was very difficult. Once he got there, he found housing, slept for a long time, and then found the son. The son could also not give Benjamin any work, but suggested that he worked for another local printer named Keimer. Here he worked for a long time. Keimer had Benjamin stay with the Read family, where he met his future wife. He also became familiar with the governor of Pennsylvania at the time. This governor wrote a letter to Benjaminrs dad telling him how great Benjamin is, and how he thinks that he should start his own printing business. He even offered to help out. Benjamin returned to Boston to visit his family and show his dad the letter, but his dad didnt approve due to Benjamin being so young. The governor of Pennsylvania still wanted Benjamin to pursue his own printing business, so he offered to pay for it himself in the future. Throughout this time, he began a courtship with his future wife, Miss Read, but her mother suggested that they called it off due to him leaving for England soon. He did, and left for London shortly after. Here he learned that the governor was not a trustworthy man and never really kept his promises, so Benjamin lost faith in him. He also stayed for longer than he anticipated, because he realized that he could tremendously improve his printing skills if he worked in London for a while. So he stayed for a year and a half more, and in that time he did improve a lot. Upon arriving back to Philadelphia, he trained other printers that worked for Keimer to improve their skills. He then quit working for Keimer because he did not feel he was fit to do the job and tried to find work elsewhere. When he couldnt, he returned to Keimer. Him and a worker, Meredith decided that they wished to own their own printing business that would be better than Keimerrs. After more training and getting some money, they do. They begin to make a profit and even made a newspaper that helped them earn more money. Eventually, Meredith decided that being a printer wasnt what he was made for, and left the business to Ben Franklin. This business is how he began to make more and more money. He was dedicated to his work and worked through long hours of the night to achieve his goals. He rose from being poor through hard work. Part 2 In the second part of Benjamin Franklinrs autobiography, he discusses many things. However, a big theme in this part is the theme of religion and virtues. He discusses these throughout most of the part, and even thinks that his virtues are more important than the organized religion that everyone else seems to follow. He was not a big fan of public worship, and he only attended one ceremony before he decided that it wasnt what he believed. He thought that their goal was to just make them Presbyterians instead of trying to teach them to be good citizens. Because of this, Benjamin Franklin created his own form of prayer for his own use at home. He also created a list of virtues that he thought were most important and desirable to him, and he worked hard to correct his behavior according to them. This list of virtues consisted of thirteen different things that Benjamin Franklin thought were the most important. The thirteen virtues were: temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, and humility. He was wise enough to know that he could not attempt to fix all of them at once and be successful, so he worked on fixing his life according to one virtue at a time. He would focus on eliminating one fault from his life for a week, then the next week he would focus on eliminating a different one and the same one as the week before. Benjamin Franklin even kept track of these things in a journal using lines and dots. Of these virtues, Benjamin Franklin said that the hardest one to work on was humility. He always had pride in what hers accomplished, so it was already hard enough to fix it. He also said that even if you work hard and become humble, thatrs just another thing to be proud of. One of our essential questions is, how is it possible to live without committing any faults? I think that Benjamin Franklin sharing that he struggled to be humble is just proof that itrs impossible to live without having any faults. He worked really hard to overcome his pride, and although he did fix it a little bit, he could never fully overcome it and be completely humble. This makes me further believe that we as humans cannot live a fault-free life, no matter how hard we try. He dedicated a large part of his life to correcting his behaviors and trying to live a life without faults, but he never fully succeeded. Through this part of the book, Benjamin Franklin tells us how he worked hard to amend his behavior and live by the thirteen virtues. Nearing the end of the part, he discusses how he never really got to the point that he wished to be at with his virtues. However, he does tell that his life had improved significantly ever since he started working on correcting his behavior. Benjamin Franklin says that after he started applying his virtues to his life, he felt better and a lot happier than he was before. He says that conversations with others ended up going more smoothly than before, because he was less arrogant and full of himself. He also said that he was overall nicer to others after he spent time working on his virtues. Benjamin Franklin ends the part by talking about how every human struggles with their pride, and how he believes you cant get rid of it. This further ties in the idea that it is impossible to live without faults in your life, and everybody has them. Part 3 Throughout the third part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin discusses many different topics. He talks about how important religion is, and he also talks about politics and the military. During this part, he talks in depth about how much he admired a minister, Samuel Hemphill, and a preacher, George Whitefield. Samuel Hemphillrs sermons focused a lot on virtue, so Benjamin Franklin liked him a lot. George Whitefield had amazing preaching skills, which allowed him to have a lot of power over the citizens of Philadelphia. Benjamin Franklin also talks about reforms he worked hard to change the city of Philadelphia. He discusses all of the things he added to the city and colony that helped things run smoother, such as a military and fire department. Samuel Hemphill is an Irish minister that has sermons that deeply focus on virtue. Because of this, Benjamin Franklin appreciates and respects his sermons much more. However, not everyone liked Hemphill that much. They didnt like him a lot due to the fact that he borrows a little bit of others works when he makes his sermons, and they think thatrs cheating. To get more people on his side, Franklin writes pamphlets supporting Hemphill, but they still dont like him very much. They kicked him out, so Benjamin stopped going to church. He then talks about how he later met a preacher named George Whitefield. He was very well liked and very powerful among the Philadelphia citizens. They even build him a church to preach in with others. Benjamin Franklin says that Whitefield is an honest, virtuous man. He also publishes George Whitefieldrs journals and sermons. Benjamin respects this man a lot, and says that hers a very good speaker with a loud voice. Later in the part, Benjamin Franklin discusses politics and military for a long time. Franklin used money earned from the subscriptions to his pamphlet, Plain Truth. Benjamin and Thomas Lawrence go to New York to borrow cannons for their military. After some convincing, they go home with eighteen. As part of the Pennsylvania Governor council, he had certain ideas that Quakers didnt agree with. Benjamin Franklin thinks that they want to support the military and self-defense, but they dont want to oppose their beliefs. The French and Indian War starts, and Benjamin helps General Edward Braddock collect supplies and weapons using his writing. During this part, Benjamin Franklin also tells how he created a public hospital, a fire department, and a college in Philadelphia. While Franklin was in charge of the army, he led them to build forts. It took them a week to build their fort at Gradenhut. He keeps the soldiers busy, because he believes that people are happier if theyre doing something. Their fort isnt the best, but they have enough weapons to defend themselves. Eventually, Franklin becomes a colonel, and he gets honorary escorts. This offends a person who owns the colony, so that person complains to Sir Everard Fawkener. However, Fawkener sides with Franklin and doesnt do anything about it. The governor wants Franklin to become a general to replace Braddock, and he wants him to recover Fort Duquense. Franklin turns down the offer, and Braddock is replaced by someone else. Benjamin then spends most of the rest of the part talking about science, philosophy, and various experiments he conducted later in his life. Part 4 In the final part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin tells us about a problem between the governor and the English assembly. He visits London with his son to see Dr. Fothergill to address the issue. Fothergill then tells them that they should take matters up with the people that own the colonies. He then visits someone, who takes him to meet a man named John Hanbury. They meet the president of the Kingrs privy council, Lord Granville. Franklin believes that American people should be able to make their own laws, and the king should just have to approve it. Lord Granville believes that the Kingrs instructions are laws, and that Americans have to follow them. Benjamin Franklin writes down what they had said to each other to use for future reference. He then realizes that a long time ago, they had also tried to make the Kingrs instructions a law, but it got thrown out. There is then a meeting between the owners of the colonies and Benjamin Franklin. They all try to be nice at first and explain their sides calmly, but when they cant agree, things get more heated. The colony owners give a complaint Benjamin wrote on behalf of the colonies to their lawyer, Ferdinando John Paris, who pretty much hates Benjamin. Everyone tries to get Ferdinando and Benjamin to talk to each other and deal with the issue, but Benjamin wont budge. Paris tells the colony owners to send the complaint to someone else, but that person never got back fo Franklin. They just called him rude and refused to address the complaint. This leads Franklin to believe that he wasnt proper enough when writing his complaint, which isnt normal for him. All the worry is for nothing, though, because Franklin gets his way in the end. The assembly passed an act that taxes the colony owners estates as well as the peoplers estates. This makes the colony owners very unhappy, so they try to get the King to make sure it doesnt happen. When they went to court, they try to say that the act will ruin their relationship with the people. However, Franklin and the Assembly say that it wont hurt anyone, and if the money gets repealed many people would become bankrupt. Then a man named Lord Mansfield takes Benjamin and Ferdinando to sign an agreement. This helps the law pass. The colony owners are still unhappy, though, and get the governor fired. All in all, The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin shows all of the different ways that Benjamin Franklin impacted America. He worked in politics and the military, cared deeply about politics and religion, and worked hard to become a successful person. He worked on respected people of all religions. He also contributed to science and various things in Philadelphia. He helped plan the first university, public library, public hospital, and more. He used hard work and dedication to fulfill the American promise and rise to success. His views on virtue helped him correct his behavior. He had a better life and become a better person because of it. This autobiography has many reoccurring themes, such as religion, principles, education, and dedication. He wanted women to be able to have access to education. Overall, this book has shown us how much work went into our history, especially by Benjamin Franklin. Without him, many things in our country would be different. He is a prime example of what the American promise that hardwork and dedication lead to success. He also shows that everyone makes mistakes and thatrs okay.